Itara, nkuko izina ribigaragaza, ni isoko yumucyo ishobora kwambarwa kumutwe cyangwa ingofero, kubohora amaboko, no gukoreshwa kumurika.

Amatara kuri ubu akoreshwa mumarushanwa yo kwiruka.Yaba intera ngufi ya kilometero 30-50 cyangwa intera ndende ya 50-100, bazashyirwa kurutonde nkibikoresho byateganijwe gutwara.Kubintu birebire birebire birenga kilometero 100, ugomba kuzana byibuze amatara abiri na bateri zisigara.Hafi ya buri munywanyi afite uburambe bwo kugenda nijoro, kandi akamaro k'amatara arigaragaza.

Mumuhamagaro wo guhamagarira ibikorwa byo hanze, amatara akunze kurutonde nkibikoresho byingenzi.Imiterere yumuhanda mugace k'imisozi iragoye, kandi akenshi ntibishoboka kurangiza gahunda ukurikije igihe cyagenwe.Cyane cyane mu gihe cy'itumba, iminsi ni mugufi nijoro.Ni ngombwa kandi kwitwaza itara.

Na ngombwa kandi mubikorwa byo gukambika.Gupakira, guteka ndetse no kujya mu musarani mu gicuku, bizakoreshwa.

Muri siporo imwe ikabije, uruhare rwamatara rugaragara cyane, nkuburebure burebure, kuzamuka intera ndende no gutobora.

Nigute ushobora guhitamo itara rya mbere?Reka duhere kumucyo.

1. Itara ryaka

Amatara agomba kuba "umucyo" mbere, kandi ibikorwa bitandukanye bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kumurika.Rimwe na rimwe, ntushobora gutekereza buhumyi ko urumuri ari rwiza, kuko urumuri rwubukorikori rwangiza cyane cyangwa ruto.Kugera kumucyo ukwiye birahagije.Igice cyo gupima kumurika ni "lumens".Iyo hejuru ya lumen, niko urumuri rwinshi.

Niba itara ryawe rya mbere rikoreshwa mukwiruka kwiruka nijoro no gutembera hanze, mugihe cyizuba, birasabwa gukoresha lumens iri hagati ya 100 na lumens 500 ukurikije amaso yawe ningeso zawe.Niba ikoreshwa mubuvumo kandi ikinjira mubidukikije byangiza umwijima wuzuye, birasabwa gukoresha lumens zirenga 500.Niba ikirere kimeze nabi kandi nijoro hari igihu kinini, ukenera itara byibura lumens 400 kugeza 800, kandi ni kimwe no gutwara.Niba bishoboka, gerageza gukoresha urumuri rwumuhondo, ruzaba rufite imbaraga zo gucengera kandi ntizitera gukwirakwiza ibitekerezo.

Niba kandi ikoreshwa mukuroba cyangwa kuroba nijoro, ntukoreshe amatara maremare cyane, lumens 50 kugeza 100.Kuberako ingando ikeneye kumurikira agace gato imbere yijisho, kuganira no guteka hamwe bizamurikira abantu, kandi urumuri rwinshi rushobora kwangiza amaso.Uburobyi nijoro nabwo kirazira gukoresha urumuri rwihariye, amafi azagira ubwoba.

2. Amatara yubuzima bwa bateri

Ubuzima bwa bateri bufitanye isano ahanini nubushobozi bwimbaraga zikoreshwa nigitara.Amashanyarazi asanzwe agabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: gusimburwa no kudasimburwa, kandi hariho n'amashanyarazi abiri.Inkomoko y'amashanyarazi idasimburwa muri rusange ni batiri ya lithium yumuriro.Kuberako imiterere n'imiterere ya bateri yegeranye, ingano ni nto kandi uburemere ni bworoshye.

Amatara asimburwa muri rusange akoresha bateri ya 5, 7 cyangwa 18650.Kuri bateri zisanzwe za 5 na 7, menya neza gukoresha izizewe kandi zukuri zaguzwe mumiyoboro isanzwe, kugirango udashyira muburyo bubeshya ingufu, kandi ntizateza ibyangiritse kumuzunguruko.

Ubu bwoko bwamatara bukoresha kimwe gito na bine, bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha nibikenewe.Niba udatinya ikibazo cyo guhindura bateri inshuro ebyiri hanyuma ugakurikirana uburemere bworoshye, urashobora guhitamo gukoresha bateri imwe.Niba utinya ikibazo cyo guhindura bateri, ariko kandi ugakurikirana ituze, urashobora guhitamo bateri-selile enye.Birumvikana ko bateri zisigara nazo zigomba kuzanwa mubice bine, kandi bateri zishaje nizishya ntizigomba kuvangwa.

Nigeze kugira amatsiko yo kumenya uko bigenda iyo bateri zivanze, none ndakubwira nkurikije uburambe bwanjye ko niba hari bateri enye, eshatu ni shyashya indi irashaje.Ariko niba bidashobora kumara iminota 5 byibuze, umucyo uzagabanuka vuba, kandi uzasohoka muminota 10.Nyuma yo kuyikuramo hanyuma ikayihindura, izakomeza muriyi nzinguzingo, kandi izimya nyuma yigihe gito, kandi izihangana nyuma yigihe gito.Kubwibyo, birasabwa gukoresha ikizamini kugirango ukureho bateri iri hasi cyane.

Batare ya 18650 nayo ni ubwoko bwa bateri, amashanyarazi akora arahagaze neza, 18 agereranya diameter, 65 nuburebure, ubushobozi bwiyi bateri mubusanzwe ni nini cyane, cyane cyane burenga 3000mAh, imwe ya mbere yambere, benshi rero azwiho ubuzima bwa bateri no kumurika Amatara yiteguye gukoresha iyi bateri 18650.Ikibi ni uko ari kinini, kiremereye kandi gihenze gato, bityo rero kigomba gukoreshwa ubwitonzi mubushyuhe buke.

Kubicuruzwa byinshi byo kumurika hanze (ukoresheje amashanyarazi ya LED), mubisanzwe 300mAh imbaraga zishobora kugumana urumuri rwa lumens 100 kumasaha 1, ni ukuvuga, niba itara ryanyu ari lumens 100 kandi rikoresha bateri 3000mAh, noneho birashoboka ko bishobora kumurika mumasaha 10.Kuri bateri isanzwe ya Shuanglu na Nanfu alkaline, ubushobozi bwa No 5 muri rusange ni 1400-1600mAh, naho ubushobozi bwa No 7 ni 700-900mAh.Mugihe ugura, witondere itariki yumusaruro, gerageza gukoresha ibishya aho kuba bishaje, kugirango umenye neza imikorere myiza yamatara.

Mubyongeyeho, itara rigomba gutoranywa kure hashoboka hamwe numuyoboro uhoraho, kugirango urumuri rushobora kuguma rudahindutse mugihe runaka.Igiciro cyumurongo uhoraho wumuzunguruko ni muke, umucyo wamatara ntuzahinduka, kandi umucyo uzagabanuka buhoro buhoro mugihe.Dukunze guhura nikibazo mugihe dukoresheje amatara hamwe numuzunguruko uhoraho.Niba bateri nominal ubuzima bwamasaha 8, umucyo wamatara uzagabanuka cyane mumasaha 7.5.Muri iki gihe, tugomba kwitegura gusimbuza bateri.Nyuma yiminota mike, amatara azimya.Muri iki gihe, niba amashanyarazi yazimye mbere, amatara ntashobora gucanwa adahinduye bateri.Ibi ntibiterwa nubushyuhe buke, ahubwo biranga imiyoboro ihoraho.Niba ari umurongo uhoraho wumuzunguruko, biragaragara ko uzumva ko umucyo uzagenda ugabanuka no hasi, aho kugabanuka byose icyarimwe.

3. Itara ryamatara

Ikirere cyamatara kizwi cyane nkaho gishobora kumurika, ni ukuvuga ubukana bwurumuri, kandi igice cyacyo ni candela (cd).

Candela 200 ifite intera igera kuri metero 28, buji 1000 ifite intera ya metero 63, na candela 4000 ifite intera ya metero 126.

Buji 200 kugeza 1000 zirahagije mubikorwa bisanzwe byo hanze, mugihe 1000 kugeza 3000 zisabwa candela mugukora urugendo rurerure no gusiganwa ku maguru, kandi ibicuruzwa 4000 bya candela birashobora gutekerezwa kumagare.Kubirebire byo mu misozi miremire, ubuvumo nibindi bikorwa, ibicuruzwa bya candela 3000 kugeza 10,000.Kubikorwa bidasanzwe nka polisi ya gisirikare, gushakisha no gutabara, hamwe ningendo nini zitsinda, amatara yaka cyane ya candela arenga 10,000.

Abantu bamwe bavuga ko iyo ikirere ari cyiza kandi ikirere kikaba kimeze neza, nshobora kubona itara ryaka ibirometero byinshi.Ese urumuri rwumuriro wumuriro urakomeye kuburyo rushobora kwica itara?Ntabwo rwose ihinduwe muri ubu buryo.Intera ya kure igerwaho nurwego rwamatara mubyukuri iba ishingiye ukwezi kwuzuye.

4. Itara ryubushyuhe

Ubushyuhe bwamabara nigice cyamakuru dukunze kwirengagiza, twibwira ko amatara yaka cyane kandi bihagije.Nkuko buriwese abizi, hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwurumuri.Ubushyuhe butandukanye bwamabara nabwo bugira ingaruka mubyerekezo byacu.

Nkuko bigaragara kuri iyi shusho yavuzwe haruguru, wegereye umutuku, munsi yubushyuhe bwamabara yumucyo, kandi hafi yubururu, nubushyuhe bwamabara.

Ubushyuhe bwamabara bukoreshwa kumatara yibanze cyane muri 4000-8000K, ni urwego rwiza cyane muburyo bugaragara.Umweru ushyushye wumucyo muri rusange ni 4000-5500K, mugihe umweru wera wurumuri rwumwuzure uri hafi 5800-8000K.

Mubisanzwe dukeneye guhindura ibikoresho, mubyukuri birimo ubushyuhe bwamabara.

5. Uburemere bw'itara

Abantu bamwe ubu bumva cyane uburemere bwibikoresho byabo kandi barashobora gukora "garama no kubara".Kugeza ubu, nta bicuruzwa byihariye bikora ibihe byamatara, bishobora gutuma uburemere bugaragara mubantu.Uburemere bwamatara yibanze cyane mugikonoshwa na batiri.Ababikora benshi bakoresha plastike yubuhanga hamwe na aluminiyumu ntoya ya shell, kandi bateri itaratangira intambwe ya revolution.Ubushobozi bunini bugomba kuba buremereye, kandi bworoshye bugomba gutangwa.Ingano nubushobozi bwigice cya bateri.Kubwibyo, biragoye cyane kubona itara ryoroshye, ryaka, kandi rifite ubuzima bwigihe kirekire.

Birakwiye kandi kwibutsa ko ibirango byinshi byerekana uburemere mumakuru yibicuruzwa, ariko ntibisobanutse neza.Ubucuruzi bumwe bukina imikino yamagambo.Witondere gutandukanya uburemere bwose, uburemere hamwe na bateri nuburemere butagira umutwe.Itandukaniro riri hagati yibi byinshi, ntushobora kubona buhumyi ibicuruzwa byoroheje hanyuma ugashyiraho gahunda.Uburemere bwumutwe na batiri ntibigomba kwirengagizwa.Bibaye ngombwa, urashobora kugisha inama serivisi zabakiriya.

6. Kuramba

Amatara ntabwo aribicuruzwa.Itara ryiza rishobora gukoreshwa byibuze imyaka icumi, bityo kuramba nabyo bikwiye kwitabwaho, cyane cyane mubice bitatu:

Imwe ni ukurwanya ibitonyanga.Ntidushobora kwirinda gucana itara mugihe cyo gukoresha no gutwara.Niba igikonoshwa ari gito cyane, kirashobora guhinduka kandi kigacika nyuma yo gutabwa inshuro nke.Niba ikibaho cyumuzunguruko kidasuduwe neza, kirashobora gukongorwa mumashanyarazi nyuma yinshuro nyinshi zikoreshwa, bityo kugura ibicuruzwa mubakora inganda zikomeye bifite ibyiringiro byiza kandi birashobora no gusanwa.

Iya kabiri ni ubushyuhe buke.Ubushyuhe bwa nijoro akenshi buri munsi yubushyuhe bwo ku manywa, kandi ibizamini bya laboratoire biragoye kwigana ubushyuhe bukabije bukabije, bityo amatara amwe ntashobora gukora neza ahantu hakonje cyane (hafi -10 ° C).Intandaro yiki kibazo ahanini ni bateri.Mubihe bimwe, kugumisha bateri bizongerera igihe cyo gukoresha itara.Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buteganijwe kuba hasi cyane, birakenewe kuzana bateri ziyongera.Muri iki gihe, bizaba biteye isoni gukoresha itara ryaka, kandi banki yingufu ntishobora gukora neza.

Icya gatatu ni ukurwanya ruswa.Niba ikibaho cyumuzunguruko kibitswe ahantu hacye nyuma yigihe kinini, biroroshye kubumba no gukura umusatsi.Niba bateri idakuwe kumatara mugihe, kumeneka kwa batiri nabyo bizonona ikibaho cyumuzunguruko.Ariko mubisanzwe dukunze gusenya itara mo ibice umunani kugirango turebe inzira itagira amazi yikibaho cyumuzingi imbere.Ibi biradusaba kubungabunga neza itara igihe cyose tuyikoresheje, gukuramo bateri mugihe, no kumisha ibice bitose vuba bishoboka.

7. Kuborohereza gukoresha

Ntugapfobye ubworoherane bwo gukoresha igishushanyo mbonera, ntabwo byoroshye kugikoresha kumutwe.

Mugukoresha nyabyo, bizazana utuntu duto duto.Kurugero, dukunze kwitondera imbaraga zisigaye, tugahindura urumuri, urumuri rumurika hamwe nurumuri rwamatara umwanya uwariwo wose.Mugihe byihutirwa, uburyo bwo gukora bwamatara azahindurwa, uburyo bwa strobe cyangwa strobe buzakoreshwa, itara ryera rizahindurwa urumuri rwumuhondo, ndetse n’umucyo utukura uzatangwa kugirango ubafashe.Niba uhuye na gato kutoroha mugihe ukora ukoresheje ukuboko kumwe, bizazana ibibazo byinshi bitari ngombwa.

Kubwumutekano wijoro, ibicuruzwa bimwe byamatara birashobora kuba byiza imbere yumubiri gusa, ariko kandi bigakorwa hamwe namatara murizo kugirango birinde kugongana inyuma, bikaba byiza cyane kubantu bakeneye kwirinda ibinyabiziga mumuhanda igihe kirekire. .

Nanjye nahuye nikibazo gikabije, ni ukuvuga, urufunguzo rwo guhinduranya urumuri rwamatara rukoraho kubwimpanuka mumufuka, kandi urumuri rutemba kubusa ntabizi, bikavamo imbaraga zidahagije mugihe zigomba gukoreshwa mubisanzwe nijoro. .Ibi byose biterwa nigishushanyo kidafite ishingiro cyamatara, bityo rero menye kubigerageza inshuro nyinshi mbere yo kugura.

8. Amazi adashobora gukoreshwa n'amazi

Iki kimenyetso ni IPXX dukunze kubona, X ya mbere igereranya (ikomeye) ivumbi, naho X ya kabiri igereranya (amazi) irwanya amazi.IP68 yerekana urwego rwohejuru mumatara.

Amazi adafite amazi kandi adakoresha umukungugu ahanini biterwa nuburyo nibikoresho byimpeta ya kashe, ni ngombwa cyane.Amatara amwe yakoreshejwe kuva kera, kandi impeta yo gufunga izasaza, bigatuma umwuka wumwuka nigihu byinjira imbere yikibaho cyumuzunguruko cyangwa igice cya batiri iyo imvura igize ibyuya cyangwa ibyuya, bigahita bizenguruka itara kandi bikabikuraho. .Ibice birenga 50% byibicuruzwa byakozwe byakiriwe nabakora amatara buri mwaka byuzuye.